| 1. |
- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Attitudes toward patients with multidrug-resistant bacteria : scale development and psychometric evaluation
- 2011
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In: Journal of Infection Prevention. - : SAGE Publications. - 1757-1782 .- 1757-1774. ; 12:5, s. 196-203
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a need for validated assessment tools for measuring attitudes towards patients with multid-rug-resistant bacteria. Such an assessment tool was developed and psychometrically evaluated in the present study. A literature review and discussions with experts and key informants were used to develop the questionnaire. To ensure item adequacy and interpretability, face validity and pre-tests were performed. Item validity, content validity and internal consistency reliability were evaluated in a non-random sample of 329 hemodialysis nurses. The psychometric properties were satisfactory, indicating good item validity. The content validity revealed three appropriate factors with good internal consistency reliability. The haemodialysis nurses′ knowledge about multidrug-resistant bacteria was not sufficient, and their intentional behaviour was unsatisfactory with respect to infection control precautions. The multidrug-resistant bacteria Attitude Questionnaire would be a valuable tool, in nursing practice and nursing education, in promoting quality improvements in patient safety with regard to healthcare associated infections.
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| 2. |
- Lindberg, Maria, 1977-
(author)
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) an Unclear and Untoward Issue : Patient-Professional Interactions, Experiences, Attitudes and Responsibility
- 2012
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall aim of the present thesis was to investigate experiences of living with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB), using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization as an illustration, and to develop and validate a tool to describe healthcare personnel’s attitudes towards patients with MDRB. A further objective was to study MRSA-colonized persons’ and healthcare personnel’s experiences of patient-professional interactions and responsibilities for infection prevention. Four empirical studies were conducted. A total of 18 MRSA-colonized persons and 20 healthcare personnel were interviewed regarding their experiences, and a total of 726 RNs responded the MDRB Attitude Questionnaire. The findings revealed the difficulties associated with living with MRSA colonization, which was described as something uncertain, and as an indefinable threat that has to be managed in both everyday life and in contacts with healthcare. Interactions with healthcare personnel were described as unprofessional owing to personnel’s inappropriate behaviour and insufficient information provision. According to the personnel, achieving adequate patient-professional interactions required having knowledge and experiences of MRSA. They also experienced difficulties in providing tailored information to patients. The MRSA-colonized persons described their unwanted responsibility to inform healthcare personnel about the colonization, but also felt responsible for limiting the spread of infection to others. Furthermore, responsibility for infection control was regarded as shared between healthcare personnel and patients. The personnel described such responsibility as a natural part of their daily work, although it was not always easy to adhere to hygiene precautions. The MRSA-colonized persons felt that healthcare personnel have insufficient knowledge of the bacteria and of hygiene precautions. The MDRB Attitude Questionnaire showed that registered nurses do have knowledge deficiencies. The MDRB Attitude Questionnaire has adequate psychometric properties. In conclusion, MRSA colonization constitutes a psychological strain for carriers, and interactions with healthcare personnel resulted in feelings of stigmatization. The present thesis indicates that there is a need to improve healthcare personnel’s knowledge, behaviour and emotional response in relation to patients with MDRB, in order to ensure patient safety and address patients’ needs. The heads of department is responsible for such improvements, and the MDRB Attitude Questionnaire is useful in identifying areas in need for improvement.
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| 3. |
- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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MRSA-colonized persons’ and healthcare personnel's experiences of patient-professional interactions in and responsibilities for infection prevention in Sweden
- 2014
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In: Journal of Infection and Public Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-0341 .- 1876-035X. ; 7:5, s. 427-435
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Patient-professional interactions and adherence to infection control measures are central to the quality of care and patient safety in healthcare. Persons colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) describe insufficient support and unprofessional behavior among healthcare personnel. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted to investigate managers', physicians', registered nurses' and MRSA-colonized persons' experiences of patient-professional interactions in relation to and responsibilities for infection prevention in the care of colonized patients. Five persons with MRSA colonization and 20 healthcare personnel employed within infection, hematology, nephrology or primary healthcare settings participated. The data were collected using open-ended semi-structured individual interviews with the MRSA-colonized persons and semi-structured focus group interviews with the healthcare personnel. Results: The participants perceived MRSA as an indefinable threat and described that the responsibility for infection prevention is important, but such adherence was a neglected and negotiable issue. The described actions that were acknowledged as unprofessional and inappropriate adherence to infection prevention resulted in stigmatized patients. Conclusion: Colonized persons' and healthcare personnel's understanding of MRSA determines whether the personnel's behavior is perceived as proper or improper. Individual responsibility for patient-professional interactions in relation to MRSA colonization and adherence to infection control measures should be more stringent.
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| 4. |
- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Nursing student's expectations for their future profession and motivating factors - a longitudinal descriptive study from Sweden
- 2020
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In: Nurse Education Today. - : Elsevier. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThe shortage of registered nurses is a global concern. Motives to become registered nurses can be to help others, altruism, personal development and career security. Motives in combination with student expectations regarding the role are not explored.ObjectiveTo describe students' motives to become registered nurses and their expectations regarding their future profession.DesignA longitudinal descriptive design with a qualitative approach was used to follow nursing students in the beginning, during and at the end of their education.Participants and settingA purposive sampling of a group with initially 75 students starting a three-year nursing program at a university in Sweden.MethodsA study specific questionnaire with open-ended questions was used in the beginning, during and the end of the students' education. At data collection two and three, a copy of the earlier answers was attached. Data were analysed using manifest and latent content analysis.ResultsAn important profession with career opportunities, interesting duties and team work were described. Students expected diversified duties, possibilities for development and work satisfaction. Increased concerns regarding their upcoming work life was described at the end of the education.ConclusionThe students had a positive understanding of the profession and perceived their forthcoming role as interesting. The leading role of coordinating patient care was more comprehensive than expected. Supportive conditions and well planned transition periods could strengthen newly graduated nurses in their professional role and could be an important aspect in the future retention of RNs.
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| 5. |
- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Suffering from meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus : experiences and understandings of colonisation
- 2009
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In: Journal of Hospital Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6701 .- 1532-2939. ; 73:3, s. 271-277
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective was to explore individuals' experiences and understandings of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonisation. Thirteen interviews were performed and processed using content analysis, resulting in the theme 'Invaded, insecure and alone'. The participants experienced fears and limitations in everyday life and expressed a need to protect others from contagion. Moreover, they experienced encounters with, and information from, healthcare workers differently: some were content, whereas others were discontent. The described fears, limitations and inadequate professional-patient relationship generated unacceptable distress for MRSA-colonised persons. Thus, the healthcare sector should assume responsibility for managing MRSA, and healthcare workers must improve their professionalism and information skills, so as to better meet MRSA-colonised persons' needs.
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| 6. |
- Lindberg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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The Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Attitude Questionnaire : validity and understanding of responsibility for infection control in Swedish registered district, haematology and infection nurses
- 2012
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 21:3-4, s. 424-436
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim. To assess the discriminative and construct validity of the Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Attitude Questionnaire and to study registered nurses knowledge of, behaviour toward and emotional responses to patients with multidrug-resistant bacteria in relation to how they understand their own, managers and politicians responsibility for adherence to preventive measures for infection control. Background. Multidrug-resistant organisms are a global problem and an essential topic in healthcare regarding patient safety improvement. Design. Descriptive and correlational cross-sectional survey. Method. Data were collected in a non-random sample consisting of 397 registered nurses; district, haematology or infection registered nurses. One-way analysis of variance and independent t-tests were used for comparisons and a principal component analysis was performed. Results. Discriminative and construct validity were supported, as the infection registered nurses generally had higher scores on knowledge, behaviour and emotional response, compared with district registered nurses and haematology registered nurses and the three-factor solution was confirmed. Registered nurses with higher scores on knowledge and emotional response attributed greater responsibility to themselves and to politicians. The Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Attitude Questionnaire was translated using a forward-back translation process. Conclusion. The questionnaire has adequate psychometric properties. Insufficient knowledge of, behaviour toward and emotional response to patients with multidrug-resistant bacteria were described, but the registered nurses did estimate their own responsibility for adherence to preventive measures for infection control as being great or very great. Relevance to clinical practice. There is a considerable need to improve knowledge, behaviour and emotional response regarding infection prevention measures among healthcare workers. The hospital management are responsible for such improvements and the Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Attitude Questionnaire is useful in identifying such needs, as it has adequate psychometric properties and is able to discriminate between groups. Evaluation among healthcare workers may indicate where to situate additional training, as this is of clinical significance for safe care.
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| 7. |
- Skytt, Bernice, et al.
(author)
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Different development programmes : does it make a difference?
- 2011
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In: Leadership in Health Services. - : Emerald. - 1751-1879 .- 1751-1887. ; 24:1, s. 29-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine whether two groups of first-line nurse managersperceived improvements in skills and knowledge regarding interpersonal skills and groupmanagement, achievement orientation, and organizational view and political savvy afterparticipation in two different development programmes, compared to participants in a comparisongroup. Further, to understand the first-line nurse managers’ expectations for and experiences of theprogramme as well as its strengths and weaknesses.Design/methodology/approach– A total of 13 first-line nurse managers participated in a trainingprogramme, 14 in a self-development programme, and 14 in a comparison group. Group interviewswere used to describe the managers’ expectations for and experiences of the programmes, theLeadership and Management Inventory were used to assess the impact of the programmes.Findings– The results of the interviews showed that the programmes met many of the participants’expectations. Participants perceived significant improvements – in organizational knowledge followingthe training programme and in achievement orientation following the self-development programme.
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| 8. |
- Skytt, Bernice, et al.
(author)
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Psychometric testing of the Leadership and Management Inventory : a tool to measure the skills and abilities of first-line nurse managers
- 2008
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In: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 16:7, s. 784-794
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim? To estimate the validity and reliability of the Leadership and Management Inventory, a tool to measure the skills and abilities of first-line nurse managers. Background? The decision to develop an inventory reflects the need for an instrument that can measure the various skills and abilities first-line nurse managers should possess. Method? Factor analysis was conducted and internal consistency initially estimated on data from 149 registered nurses; a second sample of 197 health care personnel was used to test these results. Results? Principal component analysis of the first sample resulted in a preferred three-factor solution that explained 65.8% of the variance; Cronbach's alpha coefficient varied between 0.90 and 0.95. Analysis of the second sample also resulted in a three-factor solution that explained 64.2% of the variance; Cronbach's alpha coefficient varied from 0.88 to 0.96. For both samples, the factors were labelled `interpersonal skills and group management', `achievement orientation' and `overall organizational view and political savvy'. Conclusion? Results indicate that estimates of validity and reliability for the Leadership and Management Inventory can be considered acceptable. Implications for nursing management?The Leadership and Management Inventory can be used when first-line nurse managers' leadership and management skills and abilities are to be measured.
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| 9. |
- Skytt, Bernice, et al.
(author)
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Reasons to leave: the motives of first-line nurse managers for leaving their posts
- 2007
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In: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 15:7, s. 294-302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective To study the reasons for first-line nurse managers to resign, their perceptions of difficult situations, experience of support and satisfaction with work. Background The intentions of first-line nurse managers' to stay at their posts varied between 45% and 75% in different studies. Methods Data were collected by questionnaire and letters from 32 first-line nurse managers who had left their posts. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the letters. Results Eleven first-line nurse managers resigned due to reorganization or other changes and 19 due to their own accord. Reasons to leave were personal, organizational, as well as lack of support from and relations to the head of department. Difficult situations were unclear conditions, lack of support from supervisors and, implementation of changes, staff matters and economy. Important support was personal, organizational, practical and to have opportunities for development and education. The perception of work satisfaction was higher after resignation. Conclusions The dominant reason to leave was reorganization and other changes. The relation to the head of department influenced the first-line nurse managers' overall work situation.
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| 10. |
- Skytt, Bernice, et al.
(author)
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The roles of the first-line nurse manager : perceptions from four perspectives
- 2008
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In: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 16:8, s. 1012-1020
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim To study the perception of the first-line nurse managers (FLNMs), registered nurses (RNs), assistant nurses (ANs) and head of departments (HDs) on the FLNM's current and desired roles. Background In the process of decentralization, the role of FLNM has changed from having overall responsibility for patients to having responsibility for the management of the ward. Method Interviews with five FLNMs, five RNs, five ANs, and one HD were used. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the transcribed text. Results When describing the current roles, the FLNMs, RNs and ANs focused on the coordination of activities that contributed to a well-functioning service and care of patients as well as on the recruitment of, support to and development of the personnel. The HD focused on the FLNM's responsibilities towards the personnel, especially regarding empowerment and staff well-being. When describing desired roles, the FLNMs, RNs and ANs emphasized service on the ward while the HD underlined the development of services and co-operation with other nurse managers. Conclusion The perception of the current and desired roles of the FLNM varied among the groups. The FLNMs, RNs and ANs reported a similar understanding which in turn differed from that of the HD who described fewer roles and focused on other areas.
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